Nitrogen-Doped Mesoporous Carbon Loaded With Zn Single Atoms as a Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2,4(5)-Diarylimidazoles.

Authors

Maryam Shojaei-Asl, Mohsen Moradian

Published in

ChemistryOpen. Volume 15. Issue 11. Pages e70318.

Abstract

Single-atom catalysts have emerged as highly effective alternatives to conventional metal catalysts due to their uniform active sites and superior catalytic performance. Stabilizing single zinc atoms on nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon (NMC) enhances their stability, selectivity, electrical conductivity, and compatibility with green chemistry principles. In this study, a Zn@NMC catalyst was synthesized via solvent evaporation-induced self-assembly, followed by thermal polymerization and pyrolysis, and characterized by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray mapping analyses. The catalyst was successfully applied in the one-pot Radziszewski synthesis of 12 2,4(5)-diarylimidazole derivatives from phenylglyoxal, various substituted benzaldehydes, and ammonium acetate. ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the products. Optimal results were obtained in methanol at room temperature (25 °C) for 12 h, affording the desired products in yields of up to 97%. The incorporation of isolated zinc atoms into the nitrogen-rich carbon matrix significantly improved selectivity toward the target diarylimidazoles by suppressing side reactions and preventing catalyst deactivation.

PMID:
42869818
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 14 Oct 2026.

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