Case Report: CD20/BCMA bispecific CAR-T therapy for progressive multiple sclerosis.

Authors

Zhenfen Ling, Xia Liu, Wensi Li, Qingguo Wang, Nu Tan, Xueying Ding, Yunyi Zan, Youyao Gu, Yuan Qian, Xiaobing Luo, Thule Trinh, Yanfeng Li, Xiaoteng Lv, Minna Wang, Qian Tan, Kevin Zhu, Chengxiao Zheng, Xin Yao, Judy Zhu, Jiaqi Huang, Yihong Yao, Nan Shen

Published in

Frontiers in immunology. Volume 17. Pages 1965459. Epub Sep 29, 2026.

Abstract

Refractory secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) remains an area of unmet need, particularly once disability continues to accumulate despite multiple disease-modifying therapies. Two SPMS patients are reported with C-CAR168 treatment, a bispecific CD20/BCMA CAR-T product, achieving 12- and 6-month drug-free remission. Patient 001 (EDSS 4.0→3.0) showed improvement of oculomotor dysfunction, ataxia, and cognitive impairment. Patient 002 (EDSS 6.5→6.0) demonstrated halted lower-limb progression and relieved bowel/bladder dysfunction. C-CAR168 infiltrated into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), persistently depleted pathogenic B-lineage cells and CD20dim T cells, and normalized inflammatory markers with an overall favorable safety profile. This first-in-human experience supports bispecific CAR-T as a promising immune-reprogramming strategy for refractory SPMS.

PMID:
42871097
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 14 Oct 2026.

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