Diagnosis of prostate cancer by multi-modal ultrasound imaging.

Authors

Jin Li, Kang He, Hao Zhang, Dejun Hu, Xin Wei, Le Luo

Published in

Medicine. Volume 105. Issue 42. Pages e51135. Oct 16, 2026.

Abstract

To evaluate the diagnostic performance of multi-modal ultrasound imaging, combining transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), shear wave elastography (SWE), and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), for differentiating benign and malignant prostate lesions, and to provide new evidence for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. A total of 85 patients who prospectively underwent multi-modal ultrasound examination, ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy, and pathological and immunohistochemical marker detection at our hospital between September 2022 and June 2023 were included. All ultrasound examinations and biopsies were performed within a 2-week interval. The diagnostic performance of TRUS, SWE, CEUS, and multi-modal ultrasound imaging was compared, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated for all accuracy measures. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 89.80% (95% CI: 77.81 to 95.83), 86.11% (95% CI: 70.98-93.91), 88.24%, 89.80%, and 86.11% for TRUS; 85.71% (95% CI: 72.87-92.96), 72.22% (95% CI: 55.72-84.09), 80.00%, 80.77%, and 78.79% for SWE; 93.88% (95% CI: 83.13-97.97), 91.67% (95% CI: 77.46-97.20), 92.94%, 93.88%, and 91.67% for CEUS; and 97.96% (95% CI: 89.21-99.65), 94.44% (95% CI: 81.34-98.48), 96.47%, 96.00%, and 97.14% for multi-modal ultrasound imaging, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) were 0.880 (95% CI: 0.808-0.952), 0.790 (95% CI: 0.694-0.886), 0.928 (95% CI: 0.872-0.984), and 0.962 (95% CI: 0.924-1.000) for TRUS, SWE, CEUS, and multi-modal ultrasound imaging, respectively. The diagnostic performance of multi-modal ultrasound was significantly superior to that of TRUS and SWE (P < .05). Multi-modal ultrasound imaging demonstrates complementary diagnostic advantages, particularly for prostate tumors with atypical ultrasound features that are difficult to diagnose by a single modality. For these tumors, multi-modal ultrasound imaging improves diagnostic accuracy and provides a reliable basis for the differential diagnosis of prostate tumors, warranting further clinical application.

PMID:
42888615
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 17 Oct 2026.

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