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Absorbing states govern the charging of vibrated grains.

Created on 17 Oct 2026

Authors

Michael R Swift, Mike I Smith

Published in

Physical review. E. Volume 114. Issue 3. Pages L033402.

Abstract

The electrostatic charging of insulators is notoriously irreproducible. Using experiments and simulations we study the charging of a single bouncing ball on a vibrating surface. We show that a ball's final charge results from a coupling between its chaotic dynamics and its evolving charge distribution. This results in a permanent charge dipole which traps the particle in an "orientational absorbing state" preventing further charging. The variability of each particle's final charge is a direct consequence of this dynamical coupling.

PMID:
42888740
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 17 Oct 2026.

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