Authors
Junru Jin, Ding Wang, Jianbo Qiao, Wenjia Gao, Yuhang Liu, Siqi Chen, Quan Zou, Shu Wu, Ran Su, Leyi Wei
Published in
Nature communications. Volume 17. Issue 1. Aug 17, 2026. Epub Aug 17, 2026.
Abstract
DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic modification that plays crucial roles in transcriptional regulation, cellular differentiation, and genome stability. However, how locus-specific DNA methylation is determined by intrinsic DNA sequence remains poorly understood. Here, we introduce Melody, a deep learning framework that predicts DNA methylation from 10-kb genomic sequences, enabling the integration of both local and long-range sequence signals. Across 39 human tissues, Melody accurately predicts methylation profiles and consistently outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods in whole-chromosome, hypomethylated-region, and cell-type-specific benchmarks. Melody also generalizes to methylation quantitative trait locus (meQTL) effect prediction and identifies regulatory sequence motifs associated with methylation variability. To extend prediction beyond profiled tissues, we further develop Melody-G, which incorporates single-cell RNA-seq foundation model embeddings to infer methylation states in previously unseen cell types from transcriptomic data. Together, Melody provides a unified framework for linking genomic sequence and cellular state to DNA methylation and offers new insights into the regulatory logic governing the human methylome.
PMID:
42744826
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 18 Oct 2026.
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