Green-synthesized Capsicum annuum-MgO nanoparticles modulate biofilm formation and virulence-gene expression in multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus and reduce MCF-7 cell viability.

Authors

Abeer Hassan Kadhum, Hasan A Aal Owaif, Ali Z Al-Saffar, Mais Emad Ahmed, Jameel R Al-Obaidi

Published in

3 Biotech. Volume 16. Issue 11. Pages 466. Epub Oct 15, 2026.

Abstract

Fifteen Staphylococcus haemolyticus isolates were recovered from 20 blood specimens, of which eight met the definition of multidrug resistance. Five multidrug-resistant isolates formed strong biofilms, two formed moderate biofilms, and one formed a weak biofilm. Tentative gas chromatography-mass spectrometry library assignments indicated that phenolic compounds accounted for 83% of the Capsicum annuum extract (CAE) profile. The CAE-mediated MgO preparation consisted of spherical-to-irregular, partly agglomerated particles with a mean FE-SEM-derived particle or agglomerate size of 95.73 ± 21.47 nm, a mean AFM-derived lateral diameter of 110.6 nm, an X-ray diffraction crystallite size of approximately 34 nm, and a zeta potential of - 30.38 mV. The minimum inhibitory concentrations were 15.62 mg/mL for CAE and 31.25 µg/mL for CAE/MgONPs. Among the seven strong or moderate biofilm producers, the largest reductions in biofilm biomass were 61.2% with CAE and 68.8% with CAE/MgONPs; however, some isolate-treatment combinations increased biofilm biomass. Exploratory qRT-PCR in three isolates showed isolate-dependent regulation of fbp and luxS, with fold changes ranging from 0.43 to 18.15 relative to untreated controls. CAE and CAE/MgONPs reduced MCF-7 cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, with estimated IC50 values of 190.3 and 189.1 µg/mL, respectively. These findings support further investigation of CAE/MgONPs while showing that their antibiofilm and transcriptional effects are strain dependent.
The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-026-05094-2.

PMID:
42890997
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 18 Oct 2026.

Read full publication at:
Please sign in to see all details.

Stats

1-terrible, 9-excellent. How would you rate this publication? Sign in in to submit your rating.

Post a comment

You need to be signed in to post comments. You can sign in here.

Comments

There are no comments yet.