Authors
Zhijie Zheng, Huiying Liu, Sizhe Chen, Jianhui Gu, Sisi Cai, Xiang Liu, Raphaela I Lau, Yao Zhang, Sunjae Lee, Xiaoyan Wang, Kewei Fan, Xiaole Yin, Hein Min Tun, Renyou Gan, Haichong Wu, Qi Su
Published in
iMetaOmics. Volume 3. Issue 2. Pages e70090. Epub Mar 03, 2026.
Abstract
Mastitis, a common inflammatory disease of breast tissue, has been linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis; however, evidence establishing a causal relationship and the potential for microbiome-based therapies remains limited. This study investigated the gut-mammary gland axis and how the prebiotic candidate ginseng polysaccharide (GP) prevents mastitis. Using Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse models, we demonstrate that mastitis involves gut dysbiosis contributing to pathogenesis. GP prevented mastitis in a microbiota-dependent manner. Mechanistically, GP selectively enriches Lactobacillus (L.) murinus, boosting its metabolite deoxycholic acid (DCA) level in the bloodstream and mammary tissue. DCA suppressed inflammation by binding TGR5 (Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5), activating the cAMP-PKA (cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A) pathway, and inhibiting NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome. Additionally, combining GP with L. murinus enhanced protection, suggesting potential as a synbiotic. Overall, these findings reveal a novel gut-mammary gland axis where GP acts by enhancing L. murinus-derived DCA and TGR5 signaling, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting this axis for mastitis prevention and management.
PMID:
42891321
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 18 Oct 2026.
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