Authors
Catherine S Nagawa, Priyanka Ravi, Rebekka M Lee, Susan Dargon-Hart, Jessica Pagan, Virmarie Correa-Fernández, Jessica D Austin, James G Daly, Karen M Emmons
Published in
Preventive medicine. Pages 108684. Oct 17, 2026. Epub Oct 17, 2026.
Abstract
We examined factors associated with sustaining tobacco screening and treatment at Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs), 2020 through 2024.
We analyzed 2020-2024 Uniform Data System data for 1354 FQHCs with complete data. The primary outcome was sustained treatment, defined as meeting the ≥80% tobacco screening/treatment benchmark each year. Logistic models estimated associations between center characteristics (patient composition, receipt of special population funding, rurality) and performance.
Centers served a median of 13,739 patients. The mean proportion of patients with incomes ≤200% federal poverty level was 60.0%, the mean covered by Medicaid was 43.9%, and the mean uninsured was 21.5%. Less than half of the centers (41.6%, n = 563/1354) sustained ≥80% tobacco screening/treatment performance across all study years; the odds increased with greater patient volume (OR = 1.45, 95%CI:1.26,1.68), higher proportions of Hispanic patients (OR = 2.23, 95%CI:1.22, 4.08), and higher proportions of patients ≤200% of federal poverty level (OR = 2.79, 95%CI:1.53, 5.06). Centers with higher proportions of Black patients (OR = 0.42, 95%CI:0.23, 0.76) and those that received homeless population funding (OR = 0.61, 95%CI:0.45, 0.84) had lower odds of sustained performance.
Patient volume and composition were associated with sustained tobacco treatment performance which may reflect differences in organizational capacity.
PMID:
42892477
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 18 Oct 2026.
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