First Genetics Association Study of the ACE I/D Polymorphism with Inflammatory Arthropathy Susceptibility in the Western Algerian Population: A Case-Control Study.

Authors

Asmaa Azzoune, Chahinez-Amira Dahmani, Leila Adda Neggaz, Amina Benouda, Abdallah Boudjema

Published in

Current rheumatology reviews. Oct 14, 2026. Epub Oct 14, 2026.

Abstract

Several genetic association studies have investigated Inflammatory Arthropathy (IA), a term used in this study to refer specifically to rheumatoid arthritis classified according to the 1987 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria. However, limited data are available regarding the role of the Angiotensin‑Converting Enzyme (ACE) Insertion/Deletion (I/D) polymorphism across different populations. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and IA susceptibility in the Western Algerian population Materials and Methods: A total of 101 patients diagnosed with IA and 140 healthy unrelated controls were enrolled. Genotyping of the ACE I/D polymorphism (rs4340) was performed using multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Genotype and allele frequencies were compared between groups, and Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were calculated using SPSS software.
Our findings indicated a strong risk of IA associated with genotypic distributions of ACE I/D, DD ((OR) = 4(1,02-15.72), p-value = 0.04, as well as the dominant model (ID+DD) (OR) =16,01(1-29), p-value = 0.01, in the development of IA. However, no significant association was observed between ACE I/D genotypes and age in our study.
These findings suggest that the ACE I/D polymorphism, particularly the D allele, may contribute to IA susceptibility, possibly through inflammatory pathways involving the renin-angiotensin system.
This is the first study in the Algerian population to demonstrate a potential association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and rheumatoid arthritis.

PMID:
42895146
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 19 Oct 2026.

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