Persian version of the international consultation on incontinence questionnaire-pediatric lower urinary tract symptoms caregiver module: translation, validation and cultural adaptation.

Authors

Mahdi Norouzi, Elham Aghaei, Farshid Alizadeh, Jalil Hosseini, Mahtab Zargham, Farshad Gholipour

Published in

BMC pediatrics. Volume 26. Issue 1. Jul 24, 2026. Epub Jul 24, 2026.

Abstract

Currently, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Pediatric Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-CLUTS), a well-established tool for assessing LUTS in children, is not available in Persian. This study aims to translate and validate this tool for Persian-speaking caregivers.
The ICIQ-CLUTS was translated and validated following ICIQ recommendations. The final version was self-administered by 67 caregivers of children aged 5 to 9 years. The study was conducted between June and November 2024. A concise clinical diagnosis of LUTS was used as a diagnostic reference. Internal consistency (Cronbach's α) and test-retest reliability (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, ICC) were computed to assess the reliability. Construct validity was measured through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) by principal component analysis (PCA) using varimax rotation. Discriminative validity was measured using ROC analysis and diagnostic accuracy metrics.
Of the total 67 participants, 32 were cases. Internal consistency was good (α = 0.768), and test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.983). Standard error of measurement and minimum detectable change were 0.53 and 1.46, respectively. EFA found three factors-urgency, incontinence and bladder control, and voiding and bowel dysfunction-accounting for 72.1% of the variance. The questionnaire demonstrated excellent discriminative capability (AUC = 0.917, 95% CI: 0.848-0.986). Additionally, 75% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 88.1% accuracy were obtained for a cut-off point of 15.5.
ICIQ-CLUTS-Pe is psychometrically sound and culturally adapted to discriminate LUTS among Persian-speaking caregivers. The tool is validated to effectively quantify symptom severity and monitor treatment response in both clinical and research settings.

PMID:
42907982
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 23 Oct 2026.

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