Real-world surgical outcomes and prognostic factors in stage III-IVA laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study in northern Japan.

Authors

Akira Ohkoshi, Katsunori Katagiri, Satoshi Kano, Kazutake Yagi, Hiroshi Idogawa, Satoshi Toyoma, Iori Kusaka, Takashi Kasai, Yukiko Saito, Kizuku Owada, Hisataka Ominato, Haruka Kaya, Eiichi Ishida, Kazuya Kurakami, Atsushi Yoshimura, Kenta Taguchi, Takuya Yoshida, Ryo Ishii, Kenjiro Higashi, Yukio Katori

Published in

International journal of clinical oncology. Oct 24, 2026. Epub Oct 24, 2026.

Abstract

This study evaluated oncological outcomes in a multicenter, real-world cohort of patients with stage III and IVA laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LASCC) undergoing surgery and identified prognostic factors associated with recurrence and mortality to inform risk-adapted treatment strategies in the era of perioperative pembrolizumab.
A total of 381 patients with stage III-IVA LASCC who underwent curative-intent surgery at 13 hospitals in northern Japan were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical, pathological, treatment, and survival data, including disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and disease-specific survival (DSS), were analyzed according to pretreatment clinical and postoperative pathological factors.
In the 381 patients, the 3-year DFS, OS, and DSS rates were 64.2%, 85.2%, and 90.0% in stage III disease and 49.5, 75.4, and 78.9% in stage IVA disease, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that increasing age was independently associated with poorer survival in patients with stage III disease. High-risk pathological features (extranodal extension or positive surgical margins) were associated with significantly worse survival. Adjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) was infrequently administered, even to high-risk patients.
Patients with stage III disease demonstrated good outcomes after surgery, with younger age associated with better survival, whereas those with stage IVA disease or high-risk pathological features had worse survival. These findings provide prognostic information to inform risk-adapted perioperative treatment strategies.

PMID:
42926249
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 25 Oct 2026.

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