Authors
Mizuha Mochida, Keito Nakahira, Mitsuru Okuwaki
Published in
Biochemical and biophysical research communications. Volume 841. Pages 154806. Oct 24, 2026. Epub Oct 24, 2026.
Abstract
Nucleolar proteins support ribosome biogenesis in proliferating cells, but their expression levels have not been systematically compared with those of ribosomal proteins. We analyzed Human Protein Atlas RNA-sequencing data from 1132 cancer cell lines, comparing 280 ribosome biogenesis-related genes with 88 ribosomal protein (RP) genes. RP genes were generally highly expressed, whereas expression of ribosome biogenesis-related genes varied widely. NPM1 was the most highly expressed gene in the latter group, with expression comparable to that of many RP genes. To investigate how NPM1 expression is maintained, we analyzed its promoter using reporter assays and identified a proximal sequence that supports promoter activity. A dominant-negative nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) mutant reduced reporter activity when its putative target sequence was present. NRF1 knockdown decreased endogenous NPM1 mRNA level, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) detected NRF1 at the proximal NPM1 promoter. Analysis of public NRF1 ChIP-sequence data revealed promoter-proximal occupancy at a subset of ribosome biogenesis-related genes, including NPM1, FBL, and DKC1. NRF1 binding to the FBL and DKC1 promoters was also confirmed by ChIP assay, and expression of both genes decreased upon NRF1 knockdown. These findings identify NRF1 as a contributor to the expression of a subset of ribosome biogenesis-related genes.
PMID:
42927728
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 26 Oct 2026.
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