Metal Glycerolate-Based Synthesis and Structure-Property Relationships of LiNi_1-x-yCo_xMn_yO₂ Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Authors

Gustavo Thalmer M Silva, Syra Mubarac, Irlan S Lima, Bruno Freitas, João Pedro A Dos Santos, Josué M Gonçalves, Hudson Zanin

Published in

ChemistryOpen. Volume 15. Issue 11.

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries are currently the dominant energy storage systems, with cathode materials playing a significant role in electrochemical performance, safety, and cost. Among these materials, layered LiNi_1-x-yCo_xMn_yO₂ (NCM)-based cathodes stand out due to their competitive cost, compositional versatility, high capacity and energy density. Controlling the Ni/Co/Mn ratio is a key strategy for optimizing the balance between capacity, structural stability, and electrochemical performance. In this work, metal glycerolates synthesized via a solvothermal route were employed as hybrid organic-inorganic precursors to prepare NCM materials. The compositional variation, spanning from low- to high-Ni content, enabled a direct correlation between Ni content, structural disorder, and electrochemical performance. Increasing the Ni content promoted Li⁺/Ni²⁺ cation mixing and structural disorder, resulting in reduced discharge capacity of Ni-rich NCM cathodes. In contrast, low-Ni NCM compositions exhibited improved structural ordering and electrochemical behavior, with Mg²⁺ doping effectively improving the stabilization of the LiNi_0.33Co_0.33Mn_0.33O₂ (NCM 333) structure and enhancing its rate capability and cycling stability. These findings provide important insights into the relationship between composition, structural ordering, and electrochemical behavior, while highlighting both the potential and current limitations of metal glycerolate-based synthesis for NCM cathodes. Thus, metal glycerolates offer a basis for the rational design of cost-effective and more sustainable energy storage materials.

PMID:
42951703
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 29 Oct 2026.

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