Authors
Yujin Lee, Seok Jin Lim, Seung Hoon Lee, Jong Pil Park, Jinyoung Park
Published in
Analytica chimica acta. Volume 1425. Pages 346330. Dec 01, 2026. Epub Sep 26, 2026.
Abstract
Highly sensitive creatinine (Cre) detection in complex urinary matrices remains challenging because of nonspecific interference and limited molecular selectivity. Here, a boronic acid-functionalized molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) electrode was developed for label-free electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) detection of Cre in undiluted artificial urine. A Cre-imprinted film containing 4-vinylbenzeneboronic acid (4-VBBA) was photopolymerized on a vinyl-functionalized Au electrode to enhance molecular recognition. The optimized MIP electrode exhibited a linear dynamic range of 5-250 nM, a sensitivity of 0.027 nM-1, and a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.63 nM. Its sensitivity was 6.75-fold higher than that of the non-imprinted polymer (NIP). Incorporation of 4-VBBA further increased the sensitivity from 0.020 to 0.027 nM-1 and improved the selectivity coefficients from 3.12 to 5.76 to 4.49-8.57. The Cre response remained well preserved in the presence of a 10-fold excess of individual interferents. The sensor also demonstrated high fabrication reproducibility (RSD, 2.15%), operational repeatability over ten regeneration cycles (RSD, 2.67%), and analytical recoveries of 98.69-101.55%. These results establish the 4-VBBA-functionalized MIP as a robust and highly selective recognition interface for sensitive Cre sensing in complex urine-like matrices.
PMID:
42951565
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 29 Oct 2026.
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