Configurational patterns associated with relatively higher recent home-based exercise behavior among lung transplant recipients: a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis.

Authors

Qianyin Zhu, Leiwen Tang, Pan Lin, Fei Zeng, Meijuan Lan

Published in

Annals of medicine. Volume 58. Issue 1. Pages 2756039. Epub Nov 02, 2026.

Abstract

Home-based exercise supports functional recovery after lung transplantation, yet exercise behavior varies among recipients. Guided by the capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior (COM-B) model, this study examined configurations associated with relatively higher recent home-based exercise behavior among lung transplant recipients.
This cross-sectional study included adult lung transplant recipients within the first year after transplantation at a tertiary hospital in Zhejiang, China. Five COM-B-related conditions were assessed: 6-min walk distance, exercise rehabilitation knowledge, perceived social support, exercise self-efficacy, and exercise automaticity. Recent home-based exercise behavior during the previous 7 days was assessed through structured retrospective interviews and calculated as MET-min/week. Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis examined necessary conditions, sufficient configurations, and the negated outcome; exploratory univariate analyses described clinical context.
Among 139 lung transplant recipients, no single condition was necessary for relatively higher recent home-based exercise behavior. Four sufficient configurations were identified (solution coverage, 0.675; consistency, 0.827). Exploratory analyses highlighted postoperative stage and pulmonary function; the negated-outcome analysis supported causal asymmetry. The configurations were summarized as motivation-characterized and multi-condition synergistic patterns. Motivation-characterized configurations combined higher exercise self-efficacy and higher exercise automaticity, although one configuration involving relatively limited exercise capacity was calibration-sensitive. Multi-condition synergistic configurations involved favorable combinations of capability-, social opportunity-, and motivation-related conditions.
Relatively higher recent home-based exercise behavior was associated with multiple COM-B-related configurations rather than any single necessary condition. These findings may inform multidimensional assessment and clinically contextualized rehabilitation support during post-transplant home recovery.

PMID:
42969928
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 02 Nov 2026.

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