Adhesion of Bioactive Glass Nanoparticle-Modified Biodentine Under Simulated Early and Aged Conditions.

Authors

Hernán Coaguila-Llerena, Camila Corral-Núñez, Cristian Covarrubias, Karen Abt-Calle, Camila Lizárraga-Gutiérrez, Gabriela Castro-Núñez, José Giancarlo Tozo-Burgos, Wilfredo Escalante-Otárola

Published in

European endodontic journal. Volume 11. Issue 10. Pages 482-488. Sep 30, 2026. Epub Sep 30, 2026.

Abstract

This study evaluated the adhesion of Biodentine (BD) modified with 2% bioactive glass nanoparticles (nBG/BD) under simulated early and aged conditions.
Acrylic blocks (n = 10 per group) were filled with nBG/BD or BD. Groups were assigned according to adhesive strategy: Scotchbond Universal Plus applied using etch-and-rinse (ER-nBG/BD; ER-BD) or self-etch (SE-nBG/BD;SE-BD) approaches. Adper Single Bond 2 served as a control using the etch-and-rinse strategy (ASB-nBG/BD; ASB-BD). Bond strength (MPa) was measured using a universal testing machine, and fracture depth (mm) was assessed using cone-beam computed tomography under early (24 hours) and aged conditions. Surface morphology and elemental composition were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. Data were analysed using 1-way or Welch ANOVA followed by Tukey or Dunnett T3 post hoc tests (α = 0.05).
Under early conditions, SE-nBG/BD showed the highest bond strength (P < .05). SE-BD, SE-nBG/BD and ASB-BD exhibited the greatest fracture depths, with no differences among them (P > .05). Under aged conditions, bond strength increased in all groups (P < .05), SE-nBG/BD and SE-BD showed the highest bond strength (P < .05), whereas SE-BD exhibited the greatest fracture depth (P < .05). Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that nBG/BD exhibited more cubic-, needle- and rod-shaped crystals than BD. Energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis indicated greater chlorine detection in nBG/BD.
Incorporation of nBG into BD improved apparent shear bond strength of the bonded cement-adhesive-composite assembly to Scotchbond Universal Plus when applied using the self-etch strategy under both early and aged conditions and altered the crystalline surface morphology.

PMID:
42973407
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 03 Nov 2026.

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