Authors
L Paranthoen, G Hendrickx, P Van Damme, E Karafillakis
Published in
Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Nov 06, 2026. Epub Nov 06, 2026.
Abstract
In recent years, vaccine confidence crises have repeatedly disrupted vaccination efforts across Europe. While some countries experience sustained reductions in vaccine uptake following such crises, others maintain stable coverage or recover relatively quickly. Understanding the attributes that support immunisation programme resilience to vaccine confidence crises is essential.
To synthesise existing evidence on how immunisation programme resilience to vaccine confidence crises has been conceptualised and to identify attributes of resilient responses in European settings.
Five electronic databases (Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, Social Policy and Practice, and Web of Science) were searched for articles published between 2015 and 2025 from 27 EU Member States. Articles were included if they examined vaccination at programme or system level and addressed resilience, crisis response, or recovery in the context of vaccine confidence challenges. Data were extracted and synthesised thematically.
Fourteen articles met inclusion criteria, comprising conceptual papers, empirical analyses, and descriptive studies. Most were expert opinion and observational descriptive studies, predominantly focused on HPV vaccination. Few articles explicitly conceptualised resilience, often drawing on broader health system resilience frameworks. Across the literature, seven recurring domains emerged as central to resilience: immunisation programme organisation, crisis preparedness and response capacity, communication systems, monitoring and learning processes, healthcare providers (HCP) capacity and training, partnerships and collaboration, and policy and political context. Communication, monitoring of public sentiment and media environments, and proactive preparedness emerged as particularly central attributes.
Resilience to vaccine confidence crises is multi-dimensional and extends beyond individual determinants of vaccine confidence to include programme-level, social, and political factors. This review proposes a preliminary framework of immunisation programme resilience to vaccine confidence crises to guide further empirical testing and refinement. Strengthening the evidence base in this area is essential to support immunisation programmes in anticipating, preventing, managing, and recovering from future confidence disruptions.
PMID:
42994612
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 07 Nov 2026.
Read full publication at:
Please sign in
to see all details.
Advertisement
Stats
- Recommendations n/a n/a positive of 0 vote(s)
- Views 12
- Comments 0