Which Urinary Incontinence Subtypes Are More Strongly Linked to Sarcopenia and Other Geriatric Syndromes? A Comparative Study in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Authors

Merve Yilmaz Kars, Orhan Cicek, Zeynep Iclal Turgut, Ilyas Akkar, Mustafa Hakan Dogan, Cigdem Kucur Yonet, Merve Saglam, Selma Ozlem Celikdelen, Muhammet Cemal Kizilarslanoglu

Published in

Geriatrics & gerontology international. Volume 26. Issue 11.

Abstract

How urinary incontinence (UI) subtypes relate to other geriatric syndromes remains unclear. We evaluated the prevalence of UI and its subtypes and their associations with sarcopenia, frailty, malnutrition, and functional status in older adults.
This retrospective cross-sectional study included 1042 patients aged ≥ 60 years undergoing comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) at a tertiary geriatric clinic (May 2023-January 2026). UI status and subtype were obtained from medical records. Sarcopenia was evaluated using SARC-F, handgrip strength (HGS), physical performance tests, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (EWGSOP2). Binary and multinomial logistic regression, sex-stratified, and sensitivity analyses were performed.
The median age was 79 years; 66.0% were women. UI was present in 62.4% of patients (61.5% of women and 64.1% of men, p = 0.404), and urge UI was the most common subtype. After adjustment, UI was associated with impaired physical performance, slower gait speed, lower HGS, higher SARC-F and Clinical Frailty Scale scores, and lower Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form and instrumental activities of daily living scores. Urge, mixed and functional UI were each associated with most of these parameters, whereas stress UI was not associated with any. Mixed UI was the only subtype associated with confirmed sarcopenia (OR 2.259, 95% CI 1.029-4.956). Most associations were observed in both sexes, although the association with gait speed was stronger in women.
UI is highly prevalent among older adults undergoing CGA and is associated with frailty, sarcopenia-related parameters, malnutrition risk, and functional decline in both sexes, with subtype-specific differences.

PMID:
43000031
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 09 Nov 2026.

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