Abamectin and mancozeb at environmentally relevant concentrations: comparative ecotoxicity versus a Trichoderma asperellum biopesticide.

Authors

Victor Ventura de Souza, Lucas Rodrigues Fraga, Jéssica Dutra Ferreira, Cristiane Dos Santos Vergilio, Francisco Almança Trujillo, Tatiana da Silva Souza

Published in

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987). Pages 129529. Nov 10, 2026. Epub Nov 10, 2026.

Abstract

The increasing replacement of synthetic pesticides by microbial biopesticides requires robust evidence of environmental safety, particularly under water contamination scenarios with potential implications for drinking water. This study compared commercial formulations based on Trichoderma asperellum, mancozeb, and abamectin at environmentally realistic concentrations, using an integrated battery of bioassays with Allium cepa (cytotoxicity, cytogenotoxicity, and cellular biomarkers), Lactuca sativa (phytotoxicity), and aquatic organisms (Artemia salina and Daphnia similis for acute toxicity and Raphidocelis subcapitata for chronic toxicity). Overall, the synthetic pesticide formulations exhibited more pronounced and biologically disruptive effect profiles, whereas the T. asperellum-based biopesticide formulation showed a lower magnitude of toxic responses and no evidence of genotoxicity under the tested conditions, although detectable cellular changes occurred. These findings support the use of multi-parameter and multi-species approaches to discriminate risk profiles and highlight the need to incorporate bioassays into the assessment of pesticide contamination relevant to drinking-water quality.

PMID:
43009119
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 11 Nov 2026.

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