Authors
Sofia Lüning Thorin, Idun Holmdahl, Anna Asarnoj, Angela Hoyer, Sabina Wärnberg Gerdin, Anastasia Filiou, Anna James, Cilla Söderhäll, Jon R Konradsen
Published in
Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). Nov 11, 2026. Epub Nov 11, 2026.
Abstract
Knowledge of spirometric patterns beyond obstruction with low forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) remains limited. We assessed the prevalence, characteristics, and transitions of unimpaired spirometry, preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm), dysanapsis and obstruction with low FEV1 (Obst-low-FEV1) at 7 and 11 years.
We included former preschool wheezers (cases; n7 = 102 and n11 = 97) and healthy controls (37 at both ages), of whom 87 cases and 20 controls had spirometry at both ages. Assessments comprised questionnaires, clinical examinations, spirometry, bronchodilator responsiveness (BDR), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and blood sampling.
PRISm was the most common pathological phenotype in cases (17.6%/14.4%, age 7/11) and controls (13.5% at both ages). Among cases, Obst-low-FEV1 was more common (8.8%/11.3%, 7/11 years) than dysanapsis (5.9%/8.2% age 7/11). Phenotypes changed in 54% of participants between 7 and 11 years. BDR > 10% occurred across all phenotypes but was significantly associated with dysanapsis (ORadj = 2.88, CI 1.00-8.27) and Obst-low-FEV1 (ORadj = 16.14, CI 4.89-53.30) among cases. Higher FeNO was associated with Obst-low-FEV1 (ORadj = 1.03, CI 1.00-1.07), whereas lower FeNO (ORadj = 0.90, CI 0.82-1.00) and sensitization (ORadj = 6.22, CI 0.97-39.77) were associated with dysanapsis in cases.
PRISm and dysanapsis are common, dynamic phenotypes differing from Obst-low-FEV1 in their clinical and inflammatory profiles.
PMID:
43012734
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 11 Nov 2026.
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