Authors
Huaiyu Mi, Dustin Ebert, Anushya Muruganujan, Paul D Thomas
Published in
Nucleic acids research. Nov 12, 2026. Epub Nov 12, 2026.
Abstract
PANTHER (Protein ANalysis THrough Evolutionary Relationships) is a comprehensive resource of phylogenetic trees of protein-coding gene families. Trees are manually annotated with Gene Ontology (GO) terms describing how protein functional characteristics were gained and lost over time along tree branches, and these evolutionary models are used to create GO annotations for protein-coding genes. Orthologs, paralogs, and xenologs are assigned based on the trees. Here, we describe updates to the PANTHER resource since our previous published report in 2022. Since that time, the content of the database has been systematically improved: GO annotations of the trees have been expanded to increase coverage of genes by 20%-100% depending on the organism; thousands of families have been revised and ~100 added; and the PANTHER release pipeline has been modified to improve stability of the trees across versions. The expanded annotations for all 131 genomes in the PANTHER trees can be downloaded or used for analyzing gene lists directly on the PANTHER website, and users can now generate tree-based GO annotations for any sequence file using InterProScan.
PMID:
43016065
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 12 Nov 2026.
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