Authors
Jorge Urbina, John Scott, Manuel Rodrigo Prieto Aldape, Benjamin Clapp
Published in
Obesity surgery. Nov 13, 2026. Epub Nov 13, 2026.
Abstract
Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and GLP-1-based therapies both reduce weight, but their effects on body composition are not directly comparable across measurement methods. We systematically reviewed 31 studies; 30 studies comprising 5,616 participants were included in random-effects meta-analyses stratified by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis, with 12 months as the primary timepoint. In both modalities, MBS was associated with greater total weight and absolute fat-mass loss than GLP-1-based therapy. Greater absolute lean-mass loss accompanied the larger weight reduction, without establishing poorer proportional lean-mass preservation. Relative fat-mass change differed by modality, and heterogeneity was substantial. These indirect subgroup comparisons should not be interpreted as head-to-head treatment effects. Standardized comparative studies incorporating muscle strength and physical function are needed.
PMID:
43024141
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 14 Nov 2026.
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