Oleic acid ameliorates some biochemical, molecular, and histological features in a rat model of favism by counteracting the toxicity of vicine and convicine in faba beans.

Authors

Khaled M M Koriem, Arwa S Rostum

Published in

Journal of complementary & integrative medicine. Nov 16, 2026. Epub Nov 16, 2026.

Abstract

Vicine (V) and convicine (CV) are favism factors in faba beans, moreover oleic acid (OA) has antioxidants and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim is to evaluate if OA can ameliorate biochemical. molecular, and histological features of favism by counteracting toxicity of V and CV in faba beans.
48 male albino rats were split up into eight equal groups, each with six rats as follow; control, OA-treated, V-treated, CV-treated, favism-induced, OA + V-treated, OA + CV-treated, and OA + favism-induced groups administrated 1 mL distilled water, 30 mg/kg OA, 1 % V in rat food, 1 % CV in rat food, injected 5 μL of diethyl maleate and 1/3 of Vicia faba ethanol extract, 30 mg/kg OA prior to V-treated, 30 mg/kg OA prior to CV-treated, and 30 mg/kg OA prior to injection of 5 μL of diethyl maleate and one-third of ethanol extract of V. faba for one month.
OA oral administration to favism-induced group restored liver function [serum AST (p=0.0204), ALT (p=0.0210), ALP (p=0.00036), ACP (p=0.0134), γ GT (p=0.0104), total bilirubin (p=0.0203), total protein (p=0.0102), albumin (p=0.0204), globulin (p=0.0139), and liver total protein (p=0.00071)], blood parameters [Hb (p=0.0035), Hct (p=0.0045), RBCs (p=0.0203), WBCs (p=0.0107), MCV (p=0.01750), MCH (p=0.02141), PLT (p=0.00341), serum glucose (p=0.00109) and G6PD (p=0.0213)], and antioxidants [Glutathione (p=0.0102 and 0.0026), SOD (p=<0.00001 and <0.00001), GPx (p=<0.00001 and <0.00001), MDA (p=0.0203 and 0.0012)] in liver and blood while decreased serum and liver inflammatory markers [TNF-α (p=<0.00001 and <0.00001), IL-1β (p=0.000062 and 0.000018), IL-6 (p=<0.00001 and <0.00001), and IL-10 levels (p=0.0037 and 0.000071)], prevented liver DNA breakdown, increased blood and liver nuclear factor-kB (p=0.0201 and 0.0017) and sodium/potassium-ATP activity (p=0.0102 and 0.0026), and ameliorated liver histology compared to favism-induced group to approach the normal values.
OA ameliorated hemoglobin, hematocrite, red and white blood cells, serum glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, liver enzymes, blood and liver glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde, serum and liver tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1 beta, blood and liver nuclear factor-kappa B level and sodium/potassium-ATPase activity, prevented hepatic DNA breakdown, hepatocytes compressed and edema in the liver tissue.

PMID:
43031446
Bibliographic data and abstract were imported from PubMed on 14 Nov 2026.

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